FTtimes: China detains dissidents ahead of US visit

By Jamil Anderlini in Beijing

 

Published: November 14 2009 15:27 | Last updated: November 14 2009 15:27

 

Chinese police have detained dozens of dissidents and political reform advocates ahead of US President Barack Obama's first visit to China, according to family members and human rights activists.

 

The crackdown comes as human rights groups worry that Mr Obama, who arrives in China on Sunday, will play down China's poor human rights record in order to get cooperation from Beijing on issues such as climate change, trade and the economy.

 

The Financial Times has independently confirmed the cases of four Chinese activists who have been detained over the past two days in preparation for Mr Obama's visit.

 

At least 30 other activists who were expected to join one dissident in applying for the right to protest have also likely been detained, according to activists. They provided more than a dozen names of people whom they said had been detained.

 

"We get the impression Obama doesn't want to talk about human rights on this trip, but it is precisely because of his visit here that these people are being rounded up and detained right now," Ai Weiwei, a prominent Beijing-based artist and social commentator, told the FT on Saturday.

 

"We're not asking him to give us human rights, but he's coming here to make deals and advance US interests, and we think if he doesn't talk about the real conditions here then he shouldn't come."

 

Civil liberties groups heralded the election of Mr Obama in 2007, after years of criticising George W. Bush over Guantanamo, secret Central Intelligence Agency prisons and other alleged human rights abuses.

 

In recent months, however, human rights groups have soured on the Obama administration's stance on human rights. One turning point came in February when Hillary Clinton, US secretary of state, said human rights could not "interfere" with Sino-US co-operation on "the global economic crisis, the global climate change crisis, and the security crisis". Her comments, which were made in Asia before a trip to China, were castigated by human rights activists.

 

Sharon Hom, executive director of Human Rights in China, said Mr Obama "should not give China a free pass on human rights".

 

"One-quarter of humanity � as well as the rest of the international community � deserves better," she added.

 

In one of the cases confirmed by the FT, Yao Lifa, a democracy campaigner was detained near his home in the town of Qianjiang, Hubei Province, on Saturday morning while out for a walk with his baby daughter. Security officers took Mr Yao and his daughter into custody and later released the child to her mother, according to Yao Yao, the campaigner's 26-year-old son.

 

The authorities told Mr Yao's relatives that he was being placed under administrative detention for "a few days" because "an important visitor" was coming to China. Mr Obama arrives in the country on Sunday. Mr Yao was previously detained in January after the US consulate in Wuhan, Hubei province, invited him to attend a party celebrating Mr Obama's inauguration.

 

In a separate incident, Zhao Lianhai was detained around midnight on Friday by Beijing public security officers, according to activists and family members.

 

According to one witness, more than a dozen police came to Mr Zhao's home and presented him with a detention warrant. When Mr Zhao pointed out that the warrant did not state a cause for his detention, one of the officers wrote "provoking an incident" on the warrant and took him away in handcuffs. The police also confiscated two computers, cameras, hard drives, recorders, business cards and mobile phones.

 

Mr Zhao became an accidental activist after his own child fell ill from drinking melamine-tainted milk powder last year. Family members say he angered the authorities by organizing online support groups for other parents of victims who are seeking compensation from the Chinese Dairy Association and the manufacturers of the tainted milk products.

 

Mr Zhao, whose five-year-old son is still suffering from the effects of drinking the poisoned milk last year, has been detained on at least one other occasion.

 

Zeng Jinyan, wife of the imprisoned human rights activist Hu Jia, told the FT on Saturday that security officers had warned her that they would come to her apartment in the afternoon to explain how her movements would be restricted during the upcoming "sensitive time".

 

Ms Zeng, who has a two-year-old child, said she was hoping she would only be placed under house arrest rather than taken into custody so that she could care for her child.

 

"They're becoming much stricter all the time, especially around sensitive anniversaries and visits," said Ms Zeng. "This is our daily life now."

 

Three independent sources said Qi Zhiyong, the veteran activist who lost a leg during the suppression of student protests near Tiananmen Square in 1989, had been detained after applying for official approval to hold a protest during the presidential visit. Mr Qi could not be reached on his mobile phone on Saturday.

 

In a related situation, Feng Zhenghu, an activist from Shanghai who provided legal advice to people in human rights cases, has been stranded in Tokyo's Narita airport for 11 days because Beijing, which regards him as a "troublemaker", will not allow him to return to the country even though he holds a Chinese passport.

 

Mr Feng, who has refused to leave the airport and return to Japanese soil, said he was suing Air China and Northwest Airlines in Japanese courts for allegedly refusing to carry him to China because of opposition from Beijing. He has been turned back from China on eight occasions.

 

"I hope Mr Obama will pay attention to the human rights situation in China during his visit there," Mr Feng told the FT by telephone from Narita airport on Saturday.

 

"The Chinese government will say this is an internal matter but when a country violently forces its citizens into exile in another country then this becomes an international matter and the business of the whole international community."

 

A Chinese government official responsible for dealing with the foreign media declined to comment and also refused to provide contact details for a spokesman who could address the claims.

 

The news of the detentions comes days after Human Rights Watch released a report detailing the China's use of secret prisons to detain dissidents and other people they want to keep under control.

 

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北海政府强抢村主任公章 刑拘维权村民

作者：冬雷 文章来源： http://crd-net.org/Article/Class53/200911/20091103213037_18084.html

Summary: Elected Village Head Ren Xukun from Baihutou Village, YIngtan, Beihai City in Guangxi, was forced to run away from his home after local village committee building was tore down by local government with the police force. Local government tried to take over the land from Baihutou Village, which was resisted by the village committee through election to protect their collective property. 10 people were detained when villagers gather together to resist the government's attempt of taking their land by force.

 

（维权网义工冬雷报道）11月3日，本网义工联系到广西省北海市银滩镇白虎头村村委主 任许坤，他在电话中讲述了村委大楼被当地政府出动警力强制拆毁，自己现在被迫外逃躲 避不能回家，两名村民仍然受伤在医院治疗，8名村民已经被当地警方以"涉嫌妨害公务罪" 刑拘的不幸遭遇。

 

许先生说："自从10月27日，我们村集体财产德福楼被强拆，随后的10月30日，北海银滩 区政府出动二、三百名警察、武警、保安及政府工作人员，开着大型拆迁机械，又到我们 村强行拆毁我们的村委大楼。我们几百村民自发前往维护集体财产，但遭到了暴力殴打， 打伤了我们20来名村民，其中一位85岁高龄的吴春满老汉现在还在医院抢救，另一名妇女 也还在医院治疗。政府当场抓走了10人，后来放了2人，到目前为止，包括在医院治疗的 两人，共8人被以'涉嫌妨害公务罪'刑事拘留。目前村民代表被银海区银滩镇政府派的一 批社会闲杂人员跟踪、监控，医院也被严密监控着。我所住的楼下被一批人把守着，我在 村民掩护下今天外逃出来，以便为维护村民权利奔走。"许坤先生最后一再对外界朋友的 关心声援表示感谢。

 

下面是许坤给外界发出的公开信，陈述了虎头村遭遇强拆的经过。 白虎头村的父老乡亲们，关心白虎头村的朋友们： 你们好，我是许坤，是广西北海市银海区银滩镇白虎头村的村委主任许坤。虽然现在村委 会大楼和村里的集体资产德福楼都被强拆了，虽然村民代表大会委托我保管的村委会印章 被银滩镇政府的官员抢走了，虽然由我保管的一些重要资料也在10月30日的强拆中丢失了 ，没权没粮的--连扎脚的地方都没有。但我还是要对你们说，我还是白虎头的村委主任， 这个位子是你们依法选我的，是十分光荣和十分神圣的，因此，我仍然要履行我的竞选诺 言，仍然要尽自己的能力为白虎头村服务，以最大的可能当好这个村长。

 

在我当选北海市银海区银滩镇白虎头村委会主任一年来，所发生的事情特别是在最近发生 的事情几乎超出我的承受能力。2009年4月13日下午，村民代表大会决定由我保管的村委 会印章被银滩镇的领导抢去，村委会的正常工作秩序遭到了破坏，使我无法依照法律的规 定执行村民代表大会的决定。公章被抢后，我和村民代表大会方反映报案均没有答复。公 章最后由银滩镇政府指定冯君团、林章海、杨元芳等保管。冯君团、林章海、杨元芳他们 获得村委会公章后，在2009年4月29日，在没有经过村民代表大会同意和我不知情的情况 下和北海市土地储备中心签订合同，盖章领取所谓的"补偿费"，严重违法法律的规定，损 害我们村的集体利益。对于这点，我本人和村民代表大会多次声明，我是白虎头的村委主 任，是这个村的法人代表，没有我的签字的合同白虎头村一律不予承认，我当时能为大家 做的也只能做到这里。

 

我上任后，一直履行我的竞选承诺，要为白虎头村争回就业用地，依照法律和有关政策的 规定，政府征我们的地是要为我们留就业用地的，如果没有就业用地，我们白虎头村的村 民就会变成无地的居民，我们几千老老少少今后的就业、生活怎么办？我们的子孙后代怎 么办？为此，我多次上访并和政府多次交涉，连友农市长亲口答复我，要我找出征地要留 有就业用地的法律依据，我把有关法律依据和政策交到银滩镇政府，银滩镇政府的负责人 说，许坤，我们给你白虎头村解决就业用地问题，你是不是可以叫他们签字？我说解决我 们村的就业用地和村民签字同意拆迁是两回事，但不管怎么说，在就业用地问题上，政府 的立场终于有所松动。

 

关于拆迁方面的，没有签字的村民有不少选择了行政诉讼来和政府讲道理，村民们能用法 律去维护自己的合法权益，是我们白虎头村的光荣，证明我们白虎头村的村民是讲道理的 ，是遵纪守法的，作为村委会主任，我没有理由不支持他们，为此，我作为案件的代理人 坐在了法庭上，和政府对簿公堂。案件的一审全部判我们输，二审在中级人民法院，大部 分案件未有开庭，只审了一案，按照行政诉讼法的规定，上诉案件最迟不能超过4个月结 案，但现在案件在北海市中级人民法院已经6个月了，前几天，我们去催法院结案，法院 说，案件已经审出来了，但案情重大，他们不敢结，已经报广西壮族自治区高级人民法院 。我们无从知道中级法院所说的是不是真的，但有一点可以肯定的，如果我们没有道理， 法院可以依据事实和法律判我们输的，法院可能不敢结案吗？

 

10月27日，我们村的得福楼被强拆了；10月30日，我们村的村委大楼也被强拆了。在强拆 前，我请有关政府官员出示强拆的手续，他们说第一没有，第二不用。在强拆村委会大楼 的时候，有几百村民到场维护，有近20个村民在为了保护集体财产被打伤，还有10个被抓 进公安局，现在出来4个，有6个被送进了监狱，听说其中3个被刑事拘留，3个被行政拘留 （到3号时，已经证实包括那两名在医院治疗的共被刑拘了8人）。他们爱护集体不顾个人 安危的精神令我十分感动，许坤尽力了，你们尽力了。在此，对被打伤的村民以及家属表 示慰问，并在此向社会告白，只要我许坤还在位一天，我都要尽自己最大的努力去搭救你 们，为你们讨公道！

 

根据城市房屋拆迁行政裁决规程第十八条规定，未经行政裁决，不得实施行政强制拆迁。 政府要强拆得福楼，必须要经过行政裁决程序，必须作出行政强拆决定书，然后才能强拆 。现在一无行政裁决书，二无强拆通知书，三没有给搬迁的时间，四没有为我们村考虑办 公地点，说拆就拆了，合不合法律我们知道，拆我们村委大楼的人知道，社会也知道！

 

蒋万芝为自己做好了"被拘捕"、"被躲猫猫"、"被自杀"的留言，有风声说可能要抓我，因 此我也想在这里先为我自己找好辩护人，看看是否有律师愿为我以后提供辩护。

 

被跟踪，没什么的；被抢公章，有点难受；村委会大楼被拆，还真的伤心了！想依法想做 一个好的村委会主任，想为村民实实在在办点事，咋就这么难！？

 

2009年11月2日

DW:姚立法谈中国人大代表选举法改革

据新华社报道，中国全国人大常委会本周二（10月27日）开始审议选举法修正案草案，其中将明确规定城乡按相同人口 比例选举人大代表。这也意味着，中国人大代表选举中长期存在的城乡之间"同票不同权"的现象将得以改变。这一政策改变对于保障中国公民的选举权是否能够起 到实质性的作用呢？

按照上世纪50年代制定的中国选举法规定，来自农村与城市的人大代表所分别代表的人口比例为4：1，也就是 说，1000名城市人口就可以选举一名人大代表，而4000名农村人口也只有一个人大代表名额。这种严重的"同票不同权"不但得到法律确认，在实际操作 中，甚至得到了进一步扩大。来自湖北潜江的姚立法在1988年曾经成为中国首位自荐当选的人大代表，并长期从事中国民间选举研究。他表示，

"这里还有一个弹性的问题，根据全国人大的解释，4000个农民到8000个农民也只给分配一个正式（人大代表名 额），这样都是合法的。简单的说就是'同票不同权'，农民和城市居民手上拿着同样的选票，但是选票的含金量、权力的大小是不同的，这是极大的不平等。但是 中国的宪法说的很清楚，公民在法律面前人人平等，但是你看看，在选举法面前就不平等。"

此外，姚立法还用亲身经历证明，事实上，不但城乡之间的人大代表名额分配有差距，城市之内也同样如此。

"就说我们潜江市，中共潜江市委的选区，300人就有3个人大代表名额，在我们油田的工人里则是1万多人分配1个名额，这就是120倍的差距。"

多年以来，中国城乡之间公民待遇不平等的问题已经遭到多方质疑，其中包括户籍制度，用工制度，退伍军人复员待遇等 等。而这次中国全国人大常委会考虑修改法律，改变城乡"同票不同权"的问题，也是对于民间呼吁的回应。但是，姚立法指出，虽然修法之后，农民人口所分配到 的代表名额会大幅增长，但这并不意味着农民的权益就能通过人大机制得到更好的保障，

"根据法律规定，确定正式候选人的权力在农民手中，但中国的实际情况不是这么回事。农民选民也好，或者是城镇居民选 民也好，我认为只是中国假民主的一个道具。因为，选区的划分、代表名额的分配、正式候选人的产生和确定，这些环节在很多地方都完全掌握在中共的基层组织手 中。甚至我们了解到很多基层选举甚至被黑社会，被村霸，黑恶势力掌握或操纵。1249而中国选民的选举权是没有救济的，就是说，人家伤害了你的权力，侵犯 了你的权力，公然地非法地搞选举，你是不可以诉讼的。就算现在法律规定了城乡选民代表比例是1比1，但当地选举委员会不按照执行，我们的选民怎么办？没有 办法。"

作者：石涛

责编：叶宣

河北武安前民选村主任、大学生李胜被刑事拘留

博讯据消息人士透露，河北武安格村的前民选村长李胜于9月5日因去北京上访被行政拘留,9月15日转刑事拘留。
    李胜，曾在四个大学读过书，当过老师、警察。94年下海经商。于2000年经过村民的激烈斗争，当选为真正民选的格村村主任。
     在参选村主任的过程中，李胜遭到原村支部干部的打击，被他们雇人殴打成轻伤。

 

李胜上任后，发现村里诸多财务问题，因此上报到上级政府，武安市纪委查出村支部书记、副书记、会计及村办企业"矿产品加工厂"负责人李刘用共贪污公款七千多万，并对这些贪污的人员进行了刑事处罚。
    
    但在此过程中，李胜和村民们多次遭到打击报复，村委会公章也被抢走，100多村民们为此到武安市委上访，要求惩罚凶手，惩处贪官，但却被公安抓走四名村民，并把并未参加上访的李胜也抓了。
    
    4名上访村民以聚众冲击国家机关罪被分别判刑5至10个月。李胜没有参与群访，但是公安局伪造证据，判也李胜10个月的刑。
    
    而被法院判决为有罪的李刘用却于2006年5月，又做了格村的书记，2007年8月，又成了政协武安市第七届（农业届）委员.
    
    2007年至2008年，李刘用又被武安市纪委查出侵吞集体财产406万多元。武安市纪委书记罗秀如批示：移交司法机关处理。李胜将此案先后向武安市检察院和公安局提出控告。检察院的答复是：李刘用不是国家公职人员，不归检察院管辖，建议控告人将此案交由有管辖权的部门处理。公安局经侦大队的不予立案决定书上这样写道：李刘用利用职务侵占挪用集体财产案,我局经审查认为不具备职务侵占罪的犯罪主体。
    
    2009年2月11日，李刘因涉嫌故意伤害犯罪被公安机关监视居住，期限半年。
    但就是这样，李刘用依然担任格村的支部书记，并且阻挠李胜参加2009年的村委会主任选举，并在选举过程不发放选票给村民，不经过正常投票程序，自己在截留的选票上写自己的名字。
    
    李胜就李刘用贪污公款，破坏选举，雇凶伤人等多起罪行向各级政府反应，却因为李刘用多年来用金钱和女色纺织起来的关系网，而使上访未能奏效，自己反而被李刘用以合同诈骗的名义诬告，受到刑事拘留。
    
    据知情人透露，李刘用的保护伞 重要有武安市纪委副书记、监察局长马禄祥，午及镇党委书记霍俊勇，霍的姐夫张峰是河北某地级市的公安局长。

 [博讯首发,转载请注明出处]

Human Rights Special Rapporteur Urgent appeal sent on 30 June 2008

Urgent appeal sent on 30 June 2008

545.  On 30 June 2008, Special Rapporteur, together with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the situation of human rights defenders, sent an urgent appeal to the Government regarding Mr. Yao Lifa, an activist promoting local democratic elections in Hubei Province. 

546.  According to information received, on 26 June 2008 Mr. Yao Lifa participated in a demonstration against alleged police brutality which was held outside the government building in Qingjiang City. Mr. Yao Lifa disappeared during the demonstration, at which local and National Security police were present. At 7 p.m. on the same evening, Yao called his family and told them that he had been abducted and brought to Gaoshibei Township, 50 kilometers from Qingjiang City. At 11 p.m., Yao's family received another call from him, informing them that he was at Zhongxiang Township, about 100 km from Qingjiang City. It is feared that he has been detained by Hubei police and his currents whereabouts are unknown.

547.  Mr. Yao Lifa was an elected member of the People's Congress of Qingjiang City from 1999 to 2004. He subsequently published a book outlining the challenges to independent politicians, which was banned. He has reportedly been subject to intimidation and harassment by police after running as an independent candidate in 2006. In September 2007, Yao Lifa was vocal in demanding the removal of the Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party in Hubei Province. Reports indicate that following this, in October 2007, he was secretly detained for a month at Qianjiang City Xiongkou Farmers Liaison Office.

548.  Concern was expressed that the disappearance of Mr. Yao Lifa may have been directly related to his activities in defense of human rights, in particular through his exercise of the right to freedom of expression and freedom of assembly. In view of reports of his detention in October 2007, serious concern was expressed for his physical and psychological integrity.

 

Response from the Government 

549.  In a letter dated 03 September 2008, the Government responded to the communication of 30 June 2008, providing the following information: "The Government has made careful and detailed inquiries in connection with the matter raised in the communication and wishes to make the following reply. Yao Lifa, male, born on 20 November 1958, is a teacher at the Experimental Primary School in Qianjiang, Hubei Province. In 1999, he was elected as a Deputy to the Qianjiang Municipal People's Congress. In November 2006, the city of Qianjiang held elections for deputies to the sixth municipal and township people's congresses. During the election period, Yao illegally distributed publicity materials containing false information in the downtown area. When the Qianjiang police were informed of this, they issued Yao, in accordance with the law, a summons together with a warning to observe the relevant laws and regulations and not to use any deceitful methods during the elections. The public security authorities were doing their duty in accordance with the law, and the allegation in the communication that Yao was "subject to intimidation and harassment by the police" does not tally with what really happened. In September 2007, the municipal education authorities in Qianjiang, seeking to address a problem posed by some teachers in the city who had long failed to observe professional discipline or meet their responsibilities as professional educators, organized a study group which included lectures on such topics as the Teachers Law and instruction in how teachers could fulfil their professional responsibilities and be good teachers. Yao was one of the teachers who had long neglected his professional responsibilities, regularly arriving late and leaving early, and absenting himself from work without requesting leave. He was thus one of the participants in the study group. The allegation in the communication that Yao was secretly detained in the Xinogkou Farmers Liaison Office in Qianjiang in September and October 2007 is not consistent with the facts. On 26 June 2006, Yao and some other teachers from the Qianjiang Experimental Primary School were sent to an appropriate institution to study. The allegation in the communication that Yao was detained by the police after participating in a demonstration on that day and that his whereabouts are unknown is inconsistent with the facts. At present, no government departments or judicial authorities are restricting Yao's freedom of movement, and no coercive measures have been taken in respect of him; the relevant government and judicial authorities have not received any complaint from Yao himself or from his representative. 

 

Observations

550.  The Special Rapporteur is grateful for the Government's reply.

选举专家姚立法先生被扣押在上海塘桥派出所

（维权网义工秋石报道）7月10日下午2点义工接到姚立法先生从上海塘桥派出所打来的电话，从上午9：30分开始姚立法先生就一直被扣押在派出所。

 

据姚先生讲述：今天姚先生从湖北赶到上海是为了观察、关注上海市浦东新区第57区的区人大代表选举。姚先生说不管从大的环节还是小的环节，他们的区人大代表选举都是非法的。浦东新区是由原来的浦东区和南汇区合并而成，这次选举有独立的侯选人。但是关于代表名额分配、选民小组、初步选举人的产生、候选人的产生等通通都不符合选举法。

 

姚立法被上海市塘桥派出所扣押后，姚先生请上海派出所的警员出示相关的法律手续，上海警员说是湖北警方通知要控制姚立法，所以上海这边不能出具手续。姚立法先生分析，上海警方没有再对姚立法先生采取进一步措施，可能是在等湖北警方的人到来。

 

而接下来姚立法先生将面临什么处境，姚先生自己无法预测，只能等待下一步的结果。

河北巨鹿村委会选举 村民称领导说了算

2009年04月09日14:15  来源：《法制日报》

　"能不能当选村干部，由谁说了算？"对于这个问题，稍有选举常识的人都会给出答案：当然是有选举权的村民说了算。然而，在河北省邢台市巨鹿县巨鹿镇，木匠庄村村民代表张西敏、张忠坤等告诉本报记者，在他们这儿，能不能当村干部是"镇领导说了算"。

　　他们的这个说法缘于刚刚结束的村委会换届选举。

　　换届选举闹出荒唐事

　 　据张西敏、张忠坤介绍，自2009年2月初开始，木匠庄村开始了第八届村委会换届选举准备工作，按照有关程序先后推荐出新一届村民代表，并推荐出村选委 会委员。但2月28日预选村委会候选人时，因实际投票选民未超过半数，预选失败。依照选举程序，村选委会经讨论决定，以"自荐直选"即海选的形式进行正式 选举。木匠庄村共有选民781人，而当天到现场参加投票的选民不足200人，发出有效票175张。因参加投票的选民未过半数，没有当场开箱验票。事后，巨 鹿镇一位姓高的镇领导向前去询问选举结果的木匠庄村村民表示，因这次正式选举不成功，经过镇选举委员会报请县选举委员会同意，准备择日另行选举。

　 　巨鹿镇政府出示给记者的一份《情况说明》，证实了张西敏、张忠坤的说法。这份《情况说明》这样表述：针对木匠庄村出现选举不成功的具体事实，经镇选举委 员会报请县选举委员会同意，准备择日再次进行直选。直选时，将通知中央、省、市、县权威新闻媒体进行全程录像，开展新闻监督……以保证选举顺利进行。

　　另行选举日定在3月24日。

　　这天，木匠庄村541名选民参加了投票选举。最终竞选村主任的村民张忠兴、张西文、张彦廷分别得票201张、190张、122张，竞选副主任的张灵敏得票168张，竞选村委会委员的张伟超256张。

　　但接下来发生的事情让包括村民代表张西敏、张忠坤在内的木匠庄村老百姓们无法理解。

　　3月26日，巨鹿镇政府包村干部在村中张榜公布了此次选举的认定书：主任：暂缺。副主任：张灵敏(168票)；委员：张伟超(256票)。

　 　村民们质疑：按照河北省村委会选举的有关规定，另行选举时有选举权的村民过半数投票，获得选票数超过到会人数(541人)三分之一即当选。为什么没有达 到这一票数的(得票168张)能够当选副主任，而竞选村主任得票201张的张忠兴反而榜上无名？在木匠庄村的许多村民们看来，谁当选村干部是镇主要领导说 了算。

　　至于巨鹿镇政府曾提出的"直选时，将通知中央、省、市、县权威新闻媒体进行全程录像，开展新闻监督"云云，巨鹿县委宣传部主管新闻的副部长雷红点4月7日下午告诉本报记者，据他所知，选举当日并无所谓"中央、省、市新闻媒体前往现场采访录像"。

　　记者4月6日联系巨鹿镇党委书记高满贞，希望了解如此认定选举结果的理由，高满贞表示，他们是根据有关规定作出的认定，但具体是哪条规定他将在认真咨询后转告记者，但截至记者今天发稿时，高并未与记者联系。

　　镇政府做法涉嫌违规

　　"按照《河北省村民委员会选举办法》和《河北省关于第八届村委会换届选举工作中一些具体问题的处理意见》，巨鹿镇政府的做法肯定是违规的。"河北省民政厅基层政权和社区建设处处长王满魁今天在接受本报记者采访时表示。

　 　据他介绍，"自荐直选"即海选属无候选人的直接选举，依照《河北省村民委员会选举办法》及《河北省关于第八届村委会换届选举工作中一些具体问题的处理意 见》，第一次直选时，有选举权的村民过半数投票，选举有效；自荐人或其他选民获得参加投票的选民的过半数选票，始得当选。如第一次直选不成功另行选举时， 除有选举权的村民过半数投票选举方能有效这一规定外，特别规定：如自荐人或其他选民获得参加投票的选民的选票仍不能超过半数，则获得参加投票的选民过三分 之一选票始得当选，参数人数超过应选名额时，按得票多少排序，得票多的当选。巨鹿县木匠庄村的村委会选举就属于这种情形，巨鹿镇政府的做法与法无据。

　 　河北省民政厅有关负责人表示，为保障第八届村委会换届选举工作顺利进行，河北省去年对基层乡镇干部特别是乡镇领导干部进行了专门培训。这位负责人说，村 级组织换届选举工作是否依法有序进行，不仅是保障广大村民在选举各个环节中的民主权利能否得到充分保障的问题，也是能否实现农村健康发展的关键。对于在换 届选举中出现的问题，他们将高度重视，认真加以解决。(记者 马竞 曹天健)

《半月谈》:县委书记成村委会选举第一责任人

2009年06月23日10:48  来源：《半月谈》

村委会选举是我国社会主义民主在农村最广泛的实践形式之一。目前，全国农村有村委会60.4万个，经依法民主选举产生的村委会成员230多万人。可以说，作为村级民主的起点，村委会换届选举作为农民3年一度的"大选"，已在广大的乡村田野深深地扎下根来。

　 　但是，村委会选举中存在的问题不容忽视，而且这些问题亟待解决。如在民主选举中，违法和侵权事件时有发生，"贿选"和暴力因素介入选举等现象不断增加等 等。正如民政部部长李学举所讲，"有的地方村委会选举竞争行为不规范，贿选现象严重，影响了选举的公正性；有的地方没有严格执行村委会选举的法律法规和政 策，影响了村民参与热情；有的地方对村委会选举中产生的矛盾纠纷化解不及时，影响了农村社会稳定"。

　　面对村委会选举的新形势、新问题，前不久，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发了《关于加强和改进村民委员会选举工作的通知》（以下简称《通知》），对村委会选举工作进行专门的规范和指导。

　　完善村委会选举程序，严惩贿选行为

　 　当前，村委会选举中存在的违法违规现象，突出表现在贿选问题上。针对此，《通知》首次对贿选的概念作出界定，指出"在村民委员会选举的过程中，候选人及 其亲友直接或指使他人用财物或者其他利益收买本村选民、选举工作人员或者其他候选人，影响或左右选民意愿的，都是贿选"。《通知》进一步明确了贿选等违法 违纪行为的责任追究、查处主体以及违法违纪应承担的责任，同时，指出要严肃查处选举工作人员违法违纪行为。

　　解决贿选重在完善选举程 序，《通知》在选举程序上做了进一步的完备。《通知》要求候选人的治村设想或竞职承诺不得有与宪法、法律、法规和国家政策相抵触的内容。对候选人承诺捐助 村集体的资金或物资，不应由候选人在选举前或选举后私自决定分配方案，而应交由依法选举产生的村委会组织召开村民会议或村民代表会议民主讨论决定。

　 　同时，要规范候选人的竞争行为，搭建公平选举平台，禁止候选人或候选人指使的人私下拉票，变地下选举为阳光选举。要全面设立秘密划票处，普遍实行秘密写 票制度，保障农民群众在无干扰的情况下自主表达自己的选举意愿。此外，严格规范委托投票，限定选民接受委托投票的人次，禁止投票现场临时委托。严格控制流 动票箱的使用，确有必要使用流动票箱的，其对象和人数应由村民代表会议讨论决定，并张榜公布。切实维护选举大会的现场秩序，禁止任何人实施向选民展示钱物 等扰乱选举现场秩序、影响选民投票意向的行为。投票结束后，应当公开唱票、计票，当场公布选举结果。

 

首次明确县委书记是第一责任人

　　为加强对村委会选举工作的组织领导，《通知》首次明确了县级党委书记是村委会选举工作的第一责任人，乡级党委书记是直接责任人，进一步强调了党委领导、人大监督、政府实施、各有关部门密切配合的工作体制和运行机制，明确了各部门的职责。

　 　《通知》明确要求，凡不掌握村委会选举法律法规和相关政策的县乡干部以及在选举培训中不合格的县乡干部，不得派到村里指导选举工作。同时，对未经县 （市、区）委批准，无故取消或拖延村民委员会换届选举的，要依法追究乡（镇、街道）党委（工委）、政府和村党组织、村民委员会主要负责人的责任。

　 　为切实化解由村委会选举引发的社会矛盾，《通知》要求认真做好群众来信来访工作，县乡两级村委会换届选举工作领导机构与工作机构都要向社会公布办公地址 和工作电话，提供咨询服务。在总结近年来各地加强村委会选举监督成功经验的基础上，明确提出"要积极探索舆论监督以及各级党代表、人大代表、政协委员担任 选举监督员等形式，加强社会力量对选举工作的监督"。

　　此外，为防止发生村干部竞选时天花乱坠，当选后胡作非为的现象，《通知》明确提 出要"加强对村民委员会成员履行选举期间竞职承诺的监督，防止其利用当选职权谋取不正当利益"，并要求，凡未经村民会议或者村民代表会议讨论决定，任何组 织或个人擅自以集体名义借贷，变更和处置村集体的土地、企业、设备、设施等，均为无效，村民有权拒绝，造成的损失由相关责任人承担，构成违纪的给予其党纪 政纪处分，涉嫌犯罪的移送司法机关依法处理。 （孙爱东）